The Protestant Ethic And Spirit Of Capitalism - 1828 Words

Brayan Munante Spring 2017 Prof. Delia TERM PAPER Sociology 101 â€Å"The Protestant Ethic and Spirit of Capitalism† Max Weber (1864-1920) considered seriously about the emerging dilemmas from the socio cultural and political state of affairs in Germany and criticised purely the historical materialistic concept of explanations. Within his book The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism, Weber instead depicts a more conceivable and pragmatic explanation that the materialization of capitalism owed much to the specific patterns of religious motivational explanations in Calvinism between various industrialists at that period. As these people (Calvinists) believed that god s knowledge and astuteness was immeasurable to†¦show more content†¦Additionally, Weber explains that the progress in administrative sphere can be directed only through a guided reckoning, impartiality and competence. In the intellectual sphere, progress was thought to be achieved by the aid of scientific methods, testing skills, experiential data collection b ecause theories that are imitative through scientific reasoning supersede to those that are previously attributed to magical causes. However, this particular enlightenment ideology of motive and self realisation is distinguishable with that of Marx s view of progress and is still qualified by Weber by the rationalisation itself. Compared to Marx perspective, the rationalisation and progress according to Weber involve the positive features of effectiveness, manageability, uniformity, unavoidability and impartiality. These positive aspects of rationalisation can result in enhanced capacity, the development of capacity and power relations and thereby assists in attaining progress in each sphere depicted above. Unlike Marx, rationalisation in economic perspective as witnessed in Western Capitalism was been considered by Weber as the process of reasoning out unreasonable sentiments that hamper accrual and estimation of profit, progress and sentiments like faith, thoughtfulness solidarityShow MoreRelatedThe Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism1463 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Essay No.1 Weber has been considered as an expert on origination of capitalism. His most famous work is The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism. Weber thesis regarding capitalism is rather considered as an argument counter to Marxist thesis (which was regarding primacy of base over superstructure). Weber discussed in his book that capitalism was resulted by Protestantism which was a religious movement or more specifically speaking Calvinism. However any Calvinist who has gone throughRead MoreWeber, the Spirit of Capitalism and the Protestant Ethic956 Words   |  4 PagesThe protestant ethic and the spirit of capitalism, by M. Weber I/ What is the spirit of capitalism? According to Marx’s theory, labour is what define oneself in the world and give meaning to one’s life. Weber emphasized that theory when he published in 1904 â€Å"The protestant ethic and the spirit of capitalism†. Contrary to what if often thought, capitalism is not an immoderate and immoral seek for money, but a rational and controlled way of doing business. Profitability, which couldRead MoreMax Weber’s The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism2427 Words   |  10 PagesMax Weber’s work The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism is arguably one of the most important works in all of sociology and social theory, both classical and modern. In the decades since its inception, this work has gone on to influence generations of social scientists with its analysis of the effect of Protestantism on the development of modern industrial capitalism. This work, examining such broad topics as religion, economics, and history, is not only an interesting and insightful lookRead More The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism by Max Weber1103 Words   |  5 Pagesreligious emotions in causing ideal types such as capitalism. He explained the shift in Europe from the other worldliness of Catholicism to the worldliness of early Protestantism; according to Weber this was what initiated the capitalist economic system. As he mentioned in his book The Protestant Ethic and the spirit of capitalism, capitalism isn’t about being rich. Weber said that there was a connection between religions. He mentioned that Protestants are more likely to be successful businessmen thanRead MoreLiterature Review : The Protestant Ethic And The Spirit Of Capitalism1406 Words   |  6 Pagesother factors, which industrialization is predicated upon. Over the years scholars have made elaborate contributions on achievement motivation. Weber’s most distinctive and most famous contributions in his classical work, â€Å"The protestant ethic and the spirit of capitalism†. Weber indeed emphasized the importance of religious doctrines and ethical precepts and values must be taken into account as well as among other variables. He assigned special importance to ascetic, achievement oriented valuesRead MoreNotes on Max Webers The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism859 Words   |  3 Pageslooking at capitalism, socialism, and the various dictates of society as ways humans are shaped, actualized, and able to have upward mobility. He is most famous for his works surrounding the sociology of religion and government, and how those two institutions shaped, controlled, and contributed to humankind. For Weber, the idea of rationalism rational thought based on societal efficiency and productivity, runs through his works particularly The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism. In thisRead MoreSocial Welfare : The Protestant Work Ethic And The Spirit Of Capitalism995 Words   |  4 Pages In this essay I will analyse the issue of social welfare, referencing Weber’s Protestant Work Ethic and Foucault’s analysis of power structures and the welfare state. The support systems in place to ensure that the poorest and most vulnerable members of society are able to survive have been the subject of increasing scrutinisation and hostility as we have entered the 21st Century. This hostility to social welfare can be seen in the intense backlash against the Affordable Care Act in America, andRead More Summary of Max Webers The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism441 Words   |  2 PagesSummary of Max Webers The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism Max Webers The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism is a study of the relationship between the ethics of ascetic Protestantism and the emergence of the spirit of modern capitalism. Weber argues that the religious ideas of groups such as the Calvinists played a role in creating the capitalistic spirit. Weber first observes a correlation between being Protestant and being involved in business, and declares his intentRead MoreMax Weber s The Protestant Ethic And The Spirit Of Capitalism1722 Words   |  7 Pagesparticularly focusing on the purpose and the value that human behaviour holds. Max Weber, the highly influential philosopher (born 1864 – died 1920), documented and observed human behaviour, focusing primarily in his text, â€Å"The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism†, on social action. Weber determines that social action is the behaviour or action of an individual, or actor, in the presence of another individual. The specific role of social ac tion is to monitor the influence of another on anRead More Religion and Economics in Robinson Crusoe and Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism2797 Words   |  12 PagesRobinson Crusoe and Max Webers Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   One of the most recognized and influential theories in sociology appears in Max Webers The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism, which links the development of capitalism to social and cultural factors, primarily religion, instead of economic factors alone. In his theory Weber concludes that the Protestant Ethic greatly influenced the development of capitalism in the seventeenth and eighteenth

The Decision Making Process At York College - 1250 Words

Part Two Decision making, as defined by Mintzberg, is â€Å"The process of developing a commitment to a course of action† (Dee Bess, 2008,2012). The decision by York College to stop using their old data mining software was made about ten months ago, and the process for finding the new software began about six months ago. It is difficult to classify academic analytics as a strategic, tactical, or operational decision because it has elements of all three. Strategic applies as one of the primary goals is to improve student graduation rates and retention. It is a tactical decision because the software will be used to improve the product we are providing our students to better fit their needs. Finally, it is an operational decision because†¦show more content†¦Currently, the college is in the stage of developing solutions. Of the different search methods available, the College is utilizing the trap search and the active search. Outside vendors have been brought in to demonstrate the services their products can provide. The focus of these products varies, but all share a feature that provides students with improved degree planners and student monitoring software. The similarities are outnumbered by their differences, however, which does include cost. The selection/analysis process is not being conducted by a committee, but is instead being conducted by the Associate Provost for Student Success. Since there is no committee, he is inviting representatives from all the affected departments to observe the demonstrations from the vendors and asking for feedback of on their opinions. This has created some tension among various groups on campus. The reason for this is that some of the software demonstrated could completely change resources that not all agree would be improved. When it has been determined that there are options that meet the needs of the college and its students, a screening process will occur with the chosen vendors returning to campus to discuss in more detail the implementation of their product, giving the college the needed information it needs to make a final decision. Even though the search is being led by one person, the authorization to purchase will ultimately have to be supported by the Provost,Show MoreRelatedEssay about Mgt/230 - Decision Making Progress653 Words   |  3 PagesDecision-Making Process People should make decisions nearly every day, some of those decisions are easy to make, while others are quite difficult to implement. Appropriately combined and organized decision-making process will help to control this issue and bring positive outcomes for people enrolled in it. In this paper I will provide decision-making process when I had to make a personal decision, such as enrolling in college. People face a wide range of opportunities every day, as well as certainRead MoreDecision Making Process Paper820 Words   |  4 PagesDecision-Making Process Paper MGT/230 June 26, 2011 Abstract The decision-making process has six stages. These stages consist of identifying and diagnosing the problem, generating alternative solutions, evaluating alternatives, making the choice, implementing the decision, and evaluate the decision. Choosing to go back to school and what school to attend was a problem that I had that needed to be figured out. I did not use the decision-making process; if I had I am not sure if my decision wouldRead MoreWhy College Is Not Home Essay1475 Words   |  6 PagesThe concept of leaving home and entering a community of unfamiliar faces can be scary for any incoming college student. Within a matter of few short weeks, home goes from the house that you grew up in to the room you share with a stranger and live out of. The main purpose of college is to prepare young adults for the professional world. For many first year student’s college is the first time that they are living without some type of parental supervision. This is meant to help them gr ow and matureRead MoreNegative Effects Of Social Media Essay722 Words   |  3 Pagesadults and teens is something to be concerned about. Students and teens may not think what they say on social media matters, but it truly does. College denial, lack of finding work, and social depression and anxiety are the three most important negative effects of social media use. â€Å"12% of college admission applicants were rejected because of what the college saw on social media.† No matter what one posts, says, and or does, there is no getting rid of it. Even if one thinks they have deleted it andRead MoreRole Of An Inculcative Bellwether As An Ethical Role Model, Decision Maker, And Pedagogia914 Words   |  4 Pages Introduction This paper will fixate on the role and responsibilities of an inculcative bellwether as an ethical role model, decision-maker, and pedagogia. The paper will provide participants with an overview of current ethical issues for learning communities. We will have an opportunity to analyze and develop their decision-making skills within the context of an ethical and moral framework through the utilization of case studies and a quandary-predicated approach to learning. When a person is inRead MoreMaintaining Motivation: Educational Goals Essay1374 Words   |  6 Pagesbecause we have yet to be discouraged by hardly anything. However, the downside is that in many cases rising college students don’t realize all that entails reaching the goals they have set for themselves. As a result, many students falter in their pursuit towards the original set goal. There are several common ways in which students deviate from the original plan. Some students begin college under a desired major an d tend to switch out early on due to difficulty. My paper will devise a way to combatRead MoreMy Life Of Becoming A Nurse1533 Words   |  7 PagesOne sweltering day in August of 2014, while New York was experiencing a 108-degree heat wave, I made a decision that changed my life forever. Two months leading up to this day, I had just graduated high school, and eager as ever to start a new chapter in my life, college. One problem stood in my way though. I had no idea what career I wanted to pursue. I was planning on attending York College, because of the central location, but with no direction as to what major in. On this day, I finally realizedRead MoreEssay on Week 7 Assignment918 Words   |  4 Pagesdoes not pursue ‘glamour’ at the expense of innocent animals.—The Millennium Guild, The New York Times, advertisement, 2007 Helpless animals are harmed in the process of testing chemicals. As a society we should not be inflicting violence on the innocent to pursue our beauty. Evaluation: As a human I would never harm myself in the pursuit of beauty therefore animals should not be harmed in the process either. 2) â€Å"People deserve pay for their labor. Whether you wash cars or transplant heartsRead MoreDecision Making Model1281 Words   |  6 PagesDecision Making Model Analysis Decisions are required in all that we think, do and say. In fact, it is impossible to go through a day without making a decision. Do I get out of bed today? Do I eat breakfast before leaving for work? What shall I eat for breakfast? These are simple examples, but we also face life-changing decisions as we go through life. 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Reflective Understanding Of Prince2 Principles In A Project Environment Free Essays

our site – REFLECTIVE ESSAY EXAMPLE – CUSTOM ESSAY WRITING Introduction PRINCE is a project management method for controlled environments.I found the training comprehensive and the method a little overwhelming, but overall the course provided me with a clear understanding of how the system can help businesses execute successful projects. I obtained information using the slides provided by London South Bank University (2016), and online search of articles and publications about the application of PRINCE, and the different elements of the system. We will write a custom essay sample on Reflective Understanding Of Prince2 Principles In A Project Environment or any similar topic only for you Order Now Murray (2011) states that the main reason why PRINCE was upgraded in 2006 the constantly changing nature of project management methods and new challenges of project managers, and PRINCE2 is today’s â€Å"best practice† standard, qualification program, and project management framework that has a detailed project process model. The Seven Principles of PRINCE2 According to the Oracle White Paper (Oracle, 2011), the management processes designed by the framework are based on seven principles: a. continued business justification In my understanding, is necessary to monitor the plan and compare it with the actual performance, to ensure that the original project is still suitable for delivering the objectives. This helps companies monitor the health and feasibility of projects. b. learn from experience The research and review previous projects, use existing effective templates, and apply knowledge obtained from them. c. defined roles and responsibilities The creation of project and activity teams is necessary for the success, and the effective allocation of the roles (Marsh, 1996). d. manage by stages It is important to create control points in the project to separate stages, phases, and identify main events. e. manage by exception Workbenches, such as the Manager Workbench and Review Program Workbench should be implemented in order to manage exceptions and implement automated change control, when exceptions occur. f. focus on products The Deliverables section of the plan should be detailing product expectations, including quality assurance guidelines. g. tailor to suit the project environment Templates provide flexible control for project managers, to change the levels and types of controls to be implemented. PRINCE2 Themes The main themes of PRINCE2 are business case, organisation, risk, change, quality, and plan. The Business Case theme addresses why the project is created, what the options are, outlines the costs, timescales, expected outcomes, and risks. The Project Organisation determines who is the owner of the project, identifies the roles of team members, and authorities. It also highlights the roles and responsibilities of each member of the team a:he Project Board consists of an executive, senior user, and senior supplier. To manage and identify risks, a risk register is created, with each risk having a unique identifier. All users should have access to the risk register. The PRINCE2 Method The method of PRINCE involves controls and breakpoints. TThere are five process groups in the PRINCE2 method: initiating, planning, executing, monitoring and controlling, and closing. The method covers ten different knowledge areas and integrates them in a way that they all contribute towards the successful execution of the plans. The above information is available in the 2009 TSO document (TSO, 2009b). Project Plans and Levels As it has been stated previously, PRINCE2 has an organisational theme that needs to be discussed in detail, in relation with the levels and responsibilities related to each level. The main levels are: programme management, directing, managing, and delivering (TSO, 2009a). The Quality Theme The quality theme features managing expectations and projected outcomes, designing quality assurance and interventions. According to a recent publication by CIPFA (2012), the quality approach allows the planning of systematic activities leading to the identification of the company’s products, the project’s products, and the tracking of the quality methods. Customers’ expectations are analysed, an acceptance criteria is created, and this leads to the detailed project product description. The next task is to generate a project response, and a quality register. Quality, according to the definition of PRINCE2, is â€Å"The total amount of features or characteristics of a product, such that it meets expectations and satisfies the stated needs. Saying that all features of the product have to work as expected for a given amount of time† (London South Bank University, 2016). Simply put, the main purpose of the quality theme is to ensure that all the products are f it for their purpose. This approach signifies that if the quality of the products is compromised, the outcomes of the project will be negatively affected, as well. Before implementing the PRINCE2 project, it is necessary to agree on the acceptance criteria and quality expectations. For quality planning, the MoSCoW method of prioritisation should be used: must have, should have, could have, and won’t have for now. This information is detailed in the CIPFA (2012) publication. Risk Theme The risk management and monitoring features implemented in PRINCE2 are as follows: identifying risk, assessing it, planning (to avoid, exploit, reject, etc.) the risk, implementation of actions by risk owners, and communication through checkpoints, highlights, and reports, according to the PowerPoint lecture of London South Bank University (2016). The identification of risk is followed by their qualitative assessment: high, medium, or low risk categories, and the assessment of each risk’s potential impact. Risk responses can be avoidance, exploitation, enhancement, reduction, or sharing. Change Theme Ferguson (2011) describes this theme as the ability to identify and control baselines, changes, and approve or reject them. The online article talks about the applicability of PRINCE on smaller scale projects. Change management should be based on aligning the objectives of the project with the current changes, and making adjustments in order to meet the expectations of the project owners and the customers. For example, the implementation of a change might change the projected outcomes, therefore, changes need to be made. Progress Theme The Progress theme can be described as providing periodic snapshots of the level of completion and performance towards the objectives (Oracle, 2011). Under this theme, the calculations of Earned Value and Earned Value Projection are completed, and this allows project owners and directors to see the value of work completed against the resources used. Thresholds are also important in this bench-marking process. Conclusion Based on the above review, the main benefits of PRINCE2 for companies can be highlighted as: real time input and monitoring, risk management, performance and quality control abilities, and clear definition of objectives. The main benefit of the PRINCE2 method is that it provides a standard and common language for project management professionals. I believe that adapting the management approach can improve the success rate of small- and large-scale projects alike. Bibliography CIPFA. 2012. PRINCE2 Quick Reference Guide. Ferguson, C. 2011. PRINCE2 for Small-scale Projects. Novare Consulting. London South Bank University. 2016. PRINCE2 Presentations and Lectures. Marsh, D., 1996. Project management and PRINCE. Health Informatics, 2(1), pp.21-27. Murray, A. 2010. White-paper: PRINCE2 AND Governance. Outperform. Document Number: 1042-01-01 Version Number: 1v0 Oracle. 2011. PeopleSoft Projects (ESA) Support for PRINCE2. An Oracle White Paper June 2011 TSO. 2009a. Managing and Directing Successful Projects with PRINCE2. The Stationary Office. TSO. 2009. The Executive Guide to Directing Projects: within a PRINCE2â„ ¢ and MSP ® Environment, TSO 2009 How to cite Reflective Understanding Of Prince2 Principles In A Project Environment, Essay examples

Multicom for understanding Power and Politics and Organizational Cultu

Question: Write an essay on Multicom for understanding Power and Politics and Organizational Culture. Answer: Multicom is a public relation firm that was founded by Jim Walsh and Wendy Bridges, the former is a marketing specialists and the latter is a public relation expert. They were colleagues in a communication firm and thought of opening their own Public Relation firm as they felt they together can provide an excellent base and can be successful businessmen. They made two major and two minor partners in their firm. Bridges and Walsh hold 40% of the firms equity each and Marie Beaumont and Frank Rossi hold 10% equity each. Rossi was an editor and Beaumont was film and video person (Shahzad et al. 2012). At the initial stage each of them struggled to develop the business and all of them had accepted the client-centred mode of organization that gives prime importance to client satisfaction level and make strategies to retain their clients forever and serve them better than any other firm. Due to their single goal and cooperation in achieving the goal, in few years, the firm developed the co mpetency in serving the clients. They together followed the same strategies and trained their staff and the unity and the one goal has made the staff work hard to obtain growth and success to the firm (Chatman et al.2013). However, in the third year, the things started to change and power and politics started playing role between the stakeholders. Walsh and Bridges believed in Unitarism perspectives of decision-making management system and Beaumont and Rossi believe in Pluralism perspectives of decision-making management system. Under unitarism, decision making is the process followed from top-down and hierarchical structures. Here, managers own the right to manage things and taking decisions, the employees has no role in decision making. Walsh and Bridge wanted to set such practices where decision is centrally controlled and the employees are under strict rules and should look upon the managers for any decisions. However, in Pluralism, importance is given to diversity of individual and group interests. The view of all the employees is considered in case of making decisions. Any decision is taken by taking into consideration every employee individual viewpoints (Andersen and Moynihan 2016). There was a clash between the partners due to their different principles towards treating the employees of the company. As a result of it, clashes started taking place between the partners due to which the employees unity and one goal target took a back seat. As a result the performance and profit of the organization reduced. Further, Beaumont and Rossi wanted to share more responsibilities of work for the company and desired to increase the share of equity but Walsh and Bridge played their power game and did not wanted to hand over the control to them (Yesil and Kaya 2013). With the passing time, the difference in their philosophy of work became obvious as Walsh and Bridges were more concerned with the disciplinary actions of the employees, and Rosssi and Beaumont were only concern about the results of the work. By the end of the forth year, the difference between them reached the ultimate point and Walsh and Bridges used the politics and power of their majority shares and started taking decision among themselves without taking the view point of Rossi and Beaumont. Walsh and Bridges thought this would affect the other two partners but on the contrary, the other were hardly affected by the elder partners decision and were continued to grow in the following years (Hogan and Coote 2014). Rossi and Beaumont left the company and formed a new one in their place and worked hard to form a new company called Media 2000 The Company Media 2000 quickly became a fruitful company with growing developments and started experiences learning by doing and bringing new innovative methods of meeting the requirements of business (Liden et al. 2014). There is extensive literature on the culture of corporate. According to Hugh (1993), the autonomy of the managers restrains the development of the employees and they do not work with full effort. He believes in Theory Y, which says, the management style is decentralised and they follow that the employees are happy at work and are creative and self-motivated. They enjoy their work with great responsibility and are motivated to fulfil their goals. They consider work as natural part of their life and solve the problem at work with full effort and dedication as they do for their own self. The corporate culture should change, the general theory X of controlling employees and supervise them at every step should be replaced with Theory Y. The employees should not be forced, controlled and threaten for the delivery of task reduces their productivity. They should be rather given opportunity to excel in their task and work without any restriction. It will increase the productivity of the emplo yees (Willmott 1993) In the case the similar differences are seeing in the believes of the shareholders where Walsh and Bridges believes in controlling employees and directing them without giving them any power to take decision but Rossi and Beaumont believes in treating the employees as independent person and taking their advises in decision making for the company (Alvesson 2012) The emergent approach to manage employees emphasis on being yourself through the expression of individuality, fun and difference. It is different from old and traditional pattern of fun and culture and identifies the authentic aspects of the employees selves. It implies free work environment without any external control, the employees should be at themselves and should be free to work according to their own self. The management should only be considered with the productivity of the employees and the employees are to be left free to perform and excel themselves rather than be treated with restriction and assertion. It will help them to take the responsibility and be accountable for their task and be productive (Fleming 2009). Some studies have discussed that the basic feature of organizational behaviour is irrational. The decision-making of the organization tends to be irrational and their ideologies bias their perceptions. The studies make an effort to understand how the irrationality can be converted into rationality and how to make organization behave rationally. However, some studies support irrational behaviour and say that for organizational actions irrationality is necessary. They assert that the commitment and motivation are maximised when actions are facilitated by irrational decision-making procedures and choices are facilitated by clear but narrow organizational ideologies (Brunsson 1982). There are confirmative evidences that the bargaining power of the partners in a joint venture has an impact on the control pattern of the new venture capital that they have started through joint venture between the firms. If there is conflicts between the partners then the employees performance also get affected. On the other hand, if the Partners are united and concentrate on the objective of the firm, then many complex issues get solved and employees also perform well (Yan and Gray 1994). Critically, it can be said that in an organization the behaviour and attitude towards o improve the performance of the employees the management should leave their personal issues and concentrate on larger corporate goals. In the case study, the firm performed well and earned high profit at the initial stage when every employee of the firm from top to down worked towards reaching the goal of success keeping behind their own philosophy of work and differences in their profit share. However, when the firm got stabilised and started earning profit, the top management started getting diverted from the goal and concentrating on their differences in work philosophy. Such change in the attitude of the share holders affected the work environment and deteriorated their efficiency and performance (Martinez et al. 2015). The issue that is reflected in the case can also be supported by the literature review that has shown several studies of organization where the work culture plays the major role in bringing efficiency among the employees which is the string to success. The views regarding the management philosophy of practicing unitarism or pluralism are also critically discussed. In todays competitive world, pluralism practice seems to be more successful than unitarism practice. In the former case, the employees views are taken while making decisions regarding the strategies of corporate in achieving the goals whereas in the latter case, the employees are regarded as subordinates and strict rules are imposed on them without any contribution in decision making. The former makes the employee feel the ownership be accountable for their work whereas, the latter just make them follow the rules. References Alvesson, M., 2012.Understanding organizational culture. Sage. Andersen, S.C. and Moynihan, D.P., 2016. How Leaders Respond to Diversity: The Moderating Role of Organizational Culture on Performance Information Use.Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, p.muv038. Brunsson, N., 1982. The irrationality of action and action rationality: decisions, ideologies and organizational actions.Journal of management studies,19(1), pp.29-44. Chatman, J.A., Caldwell, D.F., OReilly, C.A. and Doerr, B., 2013. Parsing Organizational Culture: The Joint Influence of Culture Content and Strength on Performance in High-Technology Firms.University of California, Berkeley. Fleming, P. and Sturdy, A., 2009. Just be yourself!: Towards neo-normative control in organisations.Employee Relations,31(6), pp.569-583. Hogan, S.J. and Coote, L.V., 2014. Organizational culture, innovation, and performance: A test of Schein's model.Journal of Business Research,67(8), pp.1609-1621. Liden, R.C., Wayne, S.J., Liao, C. and Meuser, J.D., 2014. Servant leadership and serving culture: Influence on individual and unit performance.Academy of Management Journal,57(5), pp.1434-1452. Martinez, E.A., Beaulieu, N., Gibbons, R., Pronovost, P. and Wang, T., 2015. Organizational Culture and Performance.The American Economic Review,105(5), pp.331-335. Shahzad, F., Luqman, R.A., Khan, A.R. and Shabbir, L., 2012. Impact of organizational culture on organizational performance: an overview.Interdisciplinary journal of contemporary research in business,3(9), p.975. Willmott, H., 1993. Strength is ignorance; slavery is freedom: managing culture in modern organizations.Journal of management studies,30(4), pp.515-552. Yan, A. and Gray, B., 1994. Bargaining power, management control, and performance in United StatesChina joint ventures: a comparative case study.Academy of Management journal,37(6), pp.1478-1517. Yesil, S. and Kaya, A., 2013. The effect of organizational culture on firm financial performance: Evidence from a developing country.Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences,81, pp.428-437.